Arduino - Ultrasonic Sensor

The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor uses SONAR to determine the distance of an object just like the bats do. It offers excellent non-contact range detection with high accuracy and stable readings in an easy-to-use package from 2 cm to 400 cm or 1” to 13 feet.
The operation is not affected by sunlight or black material, although acoustically, soft materials like cloth can be difficult to detect. It comes complete with ultrasonic transmitter and receiver module.

Components required

• Breadboard x 1 (optional)
• Arduino Uno R3 x 1
• Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04) x 1
• Jumper x 4 (Female-Male)

Procedure

Follow the circuit diagram and hook up the components on the breadboard as shown in the image given below.

Ultrasonic Sensor 5V -  Arduino VCC
Ultrasonic Sensor GND - Arduino GND
Ultrasonic Sensor Trigger Pin - Arduino Pin 7
Ultrasonic Sensor  Echo Pin -  Arduino Pin 6

 Sketch

Open the Arduino IDE software on your computer. Coding in the Arduino language will control your circuit. Open the new sketch File by clicking New and save it by pressing Ctrl + Shift + S.                                  

Arduino Code 

const int pingPin = 7; // Trigger Pin of Ultrasonic Sensor
const int echoPin = 6; // Echo Pin of Ultrasonic Sensor

void setup() {
   Serial.begin(9600); // Starting Serial Terminal
}

void loop() {
   long duration, inches, cm;
   pinMode(pingPin, OUTPUT);
   digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
   delayMicroseconds(2);
   digitalWrite(pingPin, HIGH);
   delayMicroseconds(10);
   digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
   pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
   duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
   inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
   cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
   Serial.print(inches);
   Serial.print("in, ");
   Serial.print(cm);
   Serial.print("cm");
   Serial.println();
   delay(100);
}

long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds) {
   return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}

long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds) {
   return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}

download the code by using this link

Code to Note

Ultrasonic sensor has four terminals VCC, Trigger, Echo, and GND connected as follows :-

• Connect the 5V pin to 5V on your Arduino board.
• Connect Trigger to digital pin 7 on your Arduino board.
• Connect Echo to digital pin 6 on your Arduino board.
• Connect GND with GND on Arduino.

In our program, we have displayed the distance measured by the sensor in inches and cm via the serial monitor. 

Result

You can see the distance measured by sensor in inches and cm on Arduino serial  monitor. Thank you a for visiting our blog!